数据结构和编程设计——应用C语言(第二版)（影印版） 下载 fb2 pdf rb kindle 115盘 极速 azw3

本书以C++为描述语言，系统介绍数据结构的有关内容及程序设计方法。每章都是先引入实例，然后结合实例讲解知识点，每章后都附有指针和陷阱的内容，还配有复习思考题，以检验读者的学习效果和培养读者的程序设计能力。此外，每章后还有深入学习本章知识点的阅读参考资料，有利于读者加深对本章知识点的理解。全书既注重原理又重视实践，内容叙述详细，并配有大量的实例和习题。书中所有算法均在计算机上运行通过，且程序中做了较详细的注解，有利于读者理解算法的实质和编程思想。

本书既可作为高等学校计算机及相关专业学生的教材，亦可供从事计算机应用的工程技术人员参考。

PREFACE

Synopsis

Changes in the Second Edition

Course Structure

Book Production

Acknowledgments

CHAPTER 1 Programming Principles

1.1 Introduction

1.2 The Game of Life

1.2.1 Rules for the Game of Life

1.2.2 Examples

1.2.3 The Solution

1.2.4 Life:The Main Program

1.3 Programming Style

1.3.1 Names

1.3.2 Documentation and Format

1.3.3 Refinement and Modularity

1.4 Coding,Testing,and Further Refinement

1.4.1 Stubs

1.4.2 Counting Neighbors

1.4.3 Input and Output

1.4.4 Drivers

1.4.5 Program Tracing

1.4.6 Principles of Program Testing

Pointers and Pitfalls

Review Questions

References for Further Study

C

Programming Principles

The Game of Life

CHAPTER 2 Introduction to Software Engineering

2.1 Program Maintenance

2.1.1 Review of the Life Program

2.1.2 A Fresh Start and a New Method for Life

2.2 Algorithm Development:A Second Version of Life

2.2.1 Lists:Specifications for a Data Structure

2.2.2 The Main Program

2.2.3 Information Hiding

2.2.4 Refinement:Development of the Subprograms

2.2.5 Verification of Algorithms

2.3 Coding

2.3.1 The List Functions

2.3.2 Error Processing

2.3.3 Demonstration and Testing

2.4 Coding the Life Functions

2.5 Program Analysis and Comparison

2.6 Conclusions and Preview

2.6.1 The Game of Life

2.6.2 Program Design

2.6.3 C

Pointers and Pitfalls

Review Questions

References for Further Study

CHAPTER 3 Stacks and Recursion

3.1 Stacks

3.1.1 IntrodUCtion

3.1.2 First Example:Reversing a Line

3.1.3 Information Hiding

3.1.4 Specifications for a Stack

3.1.5 Implementation of Stacks

3.1.6 Linked Stacks

3.2 Introduction to Recursion

3.2.1 Stack Frames for SubprogralTts

3.2.2 Tree of Subprogram Calls

3.2.3 FactOrials:A Recursive Definition

3.2.4 Divide and Conquer:The Towers of Hanoi

3.3 Backtracking:Postponing the Work

3.3.1 Solving the Eight-Queens Puzzle

3.3.2 Example:Four Queens

3.3.3 Backtracking

3.3.4 Refinement:Choosing the Data Structures

3.3.5 AnalVsis of Backtracking

3.4 Principles of Recursion

3.4.1 DesiSntng Recursive Algorithms

3.4.2 How Recursion Works

3.4.3 Tail Recursion

3.4.4 When Not to Use Recursion

3.4.5 Guidelines and Conclusions

Pointrs and Pitfalls

Review Questions

References for Further Study

CHAPTER 4 Queues and Linked Lists

4.1 Definitions

4.2 Implementations of Queues

4.3 Circular Queues in C

4.4 Application of Queues:Simulation

4.4.1 Introduction

4.4.2 Simulation of an Airpoort

4.4.3 The Main Program

4.4.4 Steps of the Simulation

4.4.5 Pseudo-Random Numbers

4.4.6 Sample Results

4.5 Pointers and Linked Lists

4.5.1 Introduction and Survey

4.5.2 Pointers and Dynamic Memory in C

4.5.3 The Basics of Linked Lists

4.6 Linked Queues

4.7 Application:Polynomial Arithmetic

4.7.1 Purpose of the Project

4.7.2 The Main Program

4.7.3 Data Structures and Their Implementation

4.7.4 Reading and Writing Polynomials

4.7.5 Addition of Polynomials

4.7.6 Completing the Project

4.8 Abstract Data Types and Their Implementations

4.8.1 Introduction

4.8.2 General Definitions

4.8.3 Refinement of Data Specification

Pointers and Pitfalls

Review Questions

References for Further Study

CHAPTER 5 General Lists

5.1 List Specifications

5.2 Implementation of Lists

5.2.1 Contiguous Implementation

5.2.2 Simply Linked Implementation

5.2.3 Variation:Keeping the Current Position

5.2.4 Doubly Linked Lists

5.2.5 Comparison of Implementations

5.3 Strings

5.4 Application:A Text Editor

5.4.1 Specifications

5.4.2 Implementation

5.5 Linked Lists in Arrays

5.6 Generating Permutations

Pointers and Pitfalls

Review Questions

References for Further Study

CHAPTER 6 Searching

6.1 Searching:Introduction and Notation

6.2 Sequential Search

6.3 Coatrooms:A Project

6.3.1 Introduction and Specification

6.3.2 Demonstration and Testing Programs

6.4 Binary Search

6.4.1 Algorithm Development

6.4.2 The Forgetful Version

6.4.3 Recognizing Equality

6.5 Comparisonn Trees

6.5.1 Analysis for n=10

6.5.2 Generalization

6.5.3 Comparison of Methods

6.5.4 A General Relationship

6.6 Lower Bounds

6.7 Asymptotics

6.7.1 Introduction

6.7.2 The Big-O Notation

6.7.3 Imprecision of the Big-O Notation

6.7.4 Ordering of Common Functions

Pointers and Pitfalls

Review Questions

References for Further Study

CHAPTER 7 Sorting

7.1 Introduction and Notation

7.2 Insertion Sort

7.2.1 Ordered Lists

7.2.2 Sorting by Insertion

7.2.3 Linked Version

7.2.4 Analysis

7.3 Selection Sort

7.3.1 The Algorithm

7.3.2 Contiguous Implementation

7.3.3 Analysis

7.3.4 Comparisons

7.4 Shell Sort

7.5 Lower Bounds

7.6 DiVide-and-Conquer Sorting

7.6.1 The Main Ideas

7.6.2 An Example

7.7 Mergesorft for Linked Lists

7.7.1 The Functions

7.7.2 AnalVsis of Mergsort

7.8 Quicksort for Contiguous Lists

7.8.1 The Main Function

7.8.2 Partitioning the List

7.8.3 Analysis of QLlickSort

7.8.4 AVerage-Case Analysis of Quicksort

7.8.5 Comparison with Mergesort

7.9 Heaps and Heapsort

7.9.1 Two.Way Trees as Lists

7.9.2 Heapsort

7.9.3 Analysis of Heapsort

7.9.4 Priority Queues

7.10 Review:Comparison of Methods

Pointers and Pitfalls

Review Questions

References for Further Study

CHAPTER 8 Tables and Information Retrieval

8.1 Introduction:Breaking the lgnbarrier

8.2 Rectangular Arrays

8.3 Tables of Various Shapes

8.3.1 Triangular Tables

8.3.2 Jagged Tables

8.3.3 Inverted Tables

8.4 Tables:A New Abstract Data Type

8.5 Application:Radix Sort

8.5.1 The Idea

8.5.2 Implementation

8.5.3 Analvsis

8.6 Hashing

8.6.1 Sparse Tables

8.6.2 Choosing a Hash Function

8.6.3 Collision Resolution with Open Addressing

8.6.4 Conision Resolution by Chaining

8.7 Analysis of Hashing

8.8 Conclusions:Comparison of Methods

8.9 Application:The Life Game Revisited

8.9.1 Choice of Algorithn

8.9.2 Specification of Data Structures

8.9.3 The Main Program

8.9.4 Functions

POinters and Pitfalls

Review Questions

References for Further Study

CHAPTER 9 Binarv Trees

9.1 Introduction to Binary Trees

9.1.1 Definitions

9.1.2 Traversal of Binary Trees

9.1.3 Linked Implementation of Billarv Trees

9.2 BinarV Search Trees

9.2.1 ordered Lists and Implementations

9.2.2 Treesearch

9.2.3 Insertion into a BinarV Search Tree

9.2.4 Treesort

9.2.5 Deletion from a Binarv SearCh Tree

9.3 Building a Binary Search Tree

9.3.1 Getting Started

9.3.2 Declarations and the Main Function

9.3.3 Inserting a Node

9.3.4 Finishing the Task

9.3.5 Evaluation

9.3.6 RandOm Search Trees and Optimalit

9.4 Height Balance:AVL Trees

9.4.1 Definition

9.4.2 Insertion of a Node

9.4.3 Deletion of a Node

9.4.4 The Height of an AVL Tree

9.5 Splav Trees:A Self-Adj usting Data Stlllcture

9.5.1 Introduction

9.5.2 Splayillg Steps

9.5.3 Splaying Algorithm

9.5.4 AmOrtized Algorithm AnalVsis:Introduction

9.5.5 Amortized Analysis of Splaying

Pointers and Pitfalls

Review Questions

References for Further Study

CHAPTER 10 Multiway Trees

10.1 Orchards,Trees,and Binary Trees

10.1.1 on the Classification of Species

10.1.2 Ordered Trees

10.1.3 Forests and Orchards

10.1.4 The Formal Correspondence

10.1.5 Rotations

10.1.6 Summary

10.2 Lexicographic Search Trees:Tries

10.2.1 Tries

10.2.2 Searching for a Key

10.2.3 C Algorithm

10.2.4 Insertion into a Trie

10.2.5 Deletion from a Trie

10.2.6 Assessment of Tries

10.3 External Searchiring:B-Trees

10.3.1 Access Time

10.3.2 Multiway Search Trees

10.3.3 Balanced Multiway Trees

10.3.4 Insertion into a B-tree

10.3.5 C Algorithms:Searching and Insertion

10.3.6 Deletion from a B-tree

10.4 Red-Black Trees

10.4.1 Introduction

10.4.2 Definition and Analysis

10.4.3 Insertion

10.4.4 C Insertion

10.5 Tree-Structured Programs:Look-Ahead in Games

10.5.1 Game Trees

10.5.2 The Minimax Method

10.5.3 Algorithm Development

10.5.4 Refinement

Pointers and Pitfalls

Review Questions

References for Further Study

CHAPTER 11 Graphs

11.1 Mathematical Background

11.1.1 Defimtions and Examples

11.1.2 Undirected Graphs

11.1.3 Directed Graphs

11.2 Computer Representation

11.3 Graph Traversal

11.3.1 Methods

11.3.2 Depth-First Algorithm

11.3.3 Breadth-First Algorithm

11.4 T0p010gical Sorting

11.4.1 The Problem

11.4.2 Depth-First Algorithm

11.4.3 Br.eadth.First AlgOrithm

11.5 A Greedy Algorithm:Shortest Paths

11.6 Graphs as Data Structures

P0interS and Pitfalls

Review Questions

References for Funher Study

CHAPTER 12 Case Study:The Polish Notation

12.1 The PrOblem

12.1.1 The Quadratic Fomula

12.2 The Idea

12.2.1 Expression Trees

12.2.2 Polish Notation

12.2.3 C Method

12.3 Evaluation of Polish Expressions

12.3.1 Evaluation of an Expression in Prefix Form

12.3.2 C Conventions

12.3.3 C Function for Prefix Evaluation

12.3.4 Evaluation of Postfix Expressions

12.3.5 PrOof of the Program:Counting:Stack Entries

12.3.6 Recursive Evaluation of Postfix Expressions

12.4 Translation from Infix Form to Polish Form

12.5 An Interactive Expression Evaluator

12.5.1 Overall Structure

12.5.2 Representation of the Data

12.5.3 Initialization and Auxiliary Tasks

12.5.4 Translation of the Expression

12.5.5 Evaluating the Expression

12.5.6 Graphing the Expression

References for Further Study

APPENDIX A Mathematical Methods

A.1 Sums of Powers of Integers

A.2 Logarithms

A.2.1 Definition of Logarithms

A.2.2 Simple Properties

A.2.3 Choice of Base

A.2.4 Natural Logarithms

A.2.5 Notation

A.2.6 Change of Base

A.2.7 Logarithmic Graphs

A.2.8 Harmonic Numbers

A.3 Permutations,Combinations,Factorials

A.3.1 Permutations

A.3.2 Combinations

A.3.3 Factorials

A.4 Fibonacci Numbers

A.5 Catalan Numbers

A.5.1 The Main Result

A.5.2 The Proof by one-to-one Correspondences

A.5.3 History

A.5.4 Numerical Results

References for Further Study

APPENDIX B Removal of Recursion

B.1 General Methods for Removing Recursion

B.1.1 Preliminary Assumptions

B.1.2 General Rules

B.1.3 Indirect Recursion

B.1.4 Towers of Hanoi

B.1.5 Further Simplifications

B.2 Recursion Removal by F0lding

B.2.1 Program Schemata

B.2.2 Proof of the Transformatiorl

B.2.3 Towers of Hanoi:The Final Version

B.3 Nonrecursive Quicksort

B.4 Stackless Recursion Removaal:Mergesort

B.5 Threaded Binarv Trees

B.5.1 Introduction

B.5.2 Threads

B.5.3 Inorder and Preorder Traversal

B.5.4 Insertion in a Threaded Tree

B.5.5 Postorder Traversal

References for Further Study

APPENDIX C An Introduction to C

C.1 IntrOduction

C.1.1 Overview of a C Program

C.2 C Elements

C.2.1 Reserved Words

C.2.2 Constants

C.3 Types and Declarations

C.3.1 Basic Tvpes

C.3.2 Arravs

C.3.3 Enumerations

C.3.4 Structures

C.3.5 Unions

C.3.6 Type Defillitions with typedef

C.4 0permors

C.5 Control Flow Statements

C.5.1 If-Else

C.5.2 Switch

C.5.3 Loops

C.5.4 Break and Continue

C.5.5 Goto

C.6 Pointers

C.6.1 Pointer to a Simple Variable

C.6.2 Pointer to an Array

C.6.3 Array of Pointers

C.6.4 Pointer to Structures

C.7 Functions

C.7.1 Arguments to Functions:Call by Value

C.7.2 Arguments to Functions:Call by Reference

C.7.3 Function Prototypes and Include Files

C.8 Pointers and Functions

C.8.1 Pointer to a Function

C.8.2 Functios that Ream a Pointer

C.8.3 Pointer to a Pointer as an Argument

References for Further Study

INDEX

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《数据结构和编程设计——应用C语言(第2版)》以C++为描述语言，系统介绍数据结构的有关内容及程序设计方法。每章都是先引入实例，然后结合实例讲解知识点，每章后都附有指针和陷阱的内容，还配有复习思考题，以检验读者的学习效果和培养读者的程序设计能力。此外，每章后还有深入学习本章知识点的阅读参考资料，有利于读者加深对本章知识点的理解。全书既注重原理又重视实践，内容叙述详细，并配有大量的实例和习题。书中所有算法均在计算机上运行通过，且程序中做了较详细的注解，有利于读者理解算法的实质和编程思想。本书由克鲁斯等著。