LOGIC OF LIFE谁赚走了你的薪水 下载 fb2 pdf rb kindle 115盘 极速 azw3

'Truly eye-opening ...There is almost no situation that Harford cannot dissect with his sharp economist's tools ...economics has never been this cool' NEW STATESMAN If humans are so clever, why do we smoke and gamble, or take drugs, or fall in love? Is this really rational behaviour? And how come your idiot boss is so overpaid? In fact, the behaviour of even the unlikeliest of individuals - prostitutes, drug addicts, racists and revolutionaries - complies with economic logic, taking into account future costs and benefits, even if we don't quite realise it. We are rational beings after all.

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他认为，国家走向富裕有一条最重要的途径，那就是人力资源外溢。或者，用马歇尔的一个很文雅的词汇：“公开的”知识。国家不管以什么方式，若能创造出学习环境，让聪明而又受过良好教育的人们能够互相学习，那么，这些国家往往能逐渐富裕起来。（在本书最后，我们还将再次提到这个想法。）但是，这里说的“学习环境”又是指什么呢？毫无疑问，指城市。

若想成功地开家公司，你必须了解谁有天赋，谁诚实，谁工作努力，然后相应地付给员工薪水。这些都是至关重要的信息，但许多此类信息都有一个固有特点：难以发掘，或难以应用于实处。因此，老板很难按照员工真正应得的标准付工钱。试图解决这个问题的时候，办公室生活中的许多荒唐事就跟着来了。看似明智的付薪计划有许多负面作用，包括鼓励欺诈、过度酬劳老板等。这些都符合逻辑。不幸的是，和逻辑不表示能够得到改善。理性世界未必处处完美。

经理们十分清楚哪些员工在卖命工作，但却不能直接给以奖励。

在锦标赛中，人们按相对绩效领报酬，即大家都做同一件事情，看谁做得最好。在大多数网球锦标赛中，赢的一方拿的钱差不多都能保证是输家的两倍，而且赢家还可以继续打下面的比赛，也就是说，还有机会在赢钱。

实验说明若你居住的环境不好，能严重影响你的健康和幸福感，但环境不会让你考低分、犯罪或者失业。你的邻居圈很重要，但它不能预言你的命运。

衰弱的城市是一个陷阱：找不到工作的穷人收到便宜住房的吸引，搬了进来，结果却发现，自己周围全是穷人，全找不到工作。

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'Truly eye-opening ...There is almost no situation that Harford cannot dissect with his sharp economist's tools ...economics has never been this cool' NEW STATESMAN If humans are so clever, why do we smoke and gamble, or take drugs, or fall in love? Is this really rational behaviour? And how come your idiot boss is so overpaid? In fact, the behaviour of even the unlikeliest of individuals - prostitutes, drug addicts, racists and revolutionaries - complies with economic logic, taking into account future costs and benefits, even if we don't quite realise it. We are rational beings after all.